Canada will allow mining companies to immediately deduct qualifying mine development spending and mineral property costs under a new $36 billion business tax package, accelerating deductions that have historically been spread across multiple years.
Prime Minister Mark Carney announced the Productivity Mega Deduction expanding immediate expensing from roughly 15% of capital investment to about two-thirds. The government says the change will cut Canada’s overall marginal effective tax rate on new business investment from 13.0% to 6.4%.
The mining impact extends beyond machinery. Finance Canada’s technical framework says Canadian development expenses incurred on or after September 15, 2026, would qualify for immediate expensing. Canadian development expenses include spending to develop a mine before production, certain mine development after production begins, and the cost of acquiring Canadian mineral property.
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Those expenses have generally been deductible at a 30% declining-balance rate, meaning companies recover the deduction over multiple years rather than immediately. Under the proposed system, an eligible expenditure could instead be deducted immediately.
That creates the largest near-term tax benefit for mining businesses with taxable income against which the deduction can be used.
For a hypothetical miner with $100 million of qualifying development spending, the distinction is substantial. Rather than putting the expenditure into a pool ordinarily deductible over time at 30% annually, the new measure would make the full $100 million eligible for an immediate deduction. The actual cash-tax benefit would depend on the company’s taxable income, applicable tax rates, other deductions, and tax position.
For pre-revenue junior miners, the effect is less straightforward. Immediate expensing is a tax deduction, not a government reimbursement or cash grant. A company with no taxable income may therefore receive little immediate cash benefit merely from accelerating the deduction.
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Canadian development expenses can currently be carried forward if unused, while corporate non-capital losses can generally be carried back three years and forward 20 years, subject to applicable tax rules and restrictions.
The practical divide is therefore between miners able to monetize the deduction immediately and companies whose benefit could remain deferred until they generate taxable income.
From 30% to potentially 100% upfront
Natural Resources Canada currently describes Canadian development expenses as including the purchase of a Canadian mineral property, pre-production mine development, and certain underground development after production begins. The normal deduction is 30% on a declining-balance basis.
Exploration spending is different. Canadian exploration expenses are already generally 100% deductible, meaning the new measure’s bigger incremental effect for miners lies further along the mine-development curve rather than in early-stage exploration.
The distinction makes the policy particularly relevant to developers moving deposits toward production, producing miners expanding existing operations, and companies acquiring Canadian mineral properties.
Most depreciable capital property acquired from September 15 would also become eligible for immediate expensing, subject to exclusions covering certain buildings, intangible assets, vehicles, and other prescribed classes.
The government estimates the expanded deduction will cost $36 billion over five years beginning in 2026-27.
Finance Canada’s modelling puts Canada’s economy-wide marginal effective tax rate on new investment at 6.4% after the change, compared with 13.0% following the Spring Economic Update and 15.4% before Budget 2025.
The department estimates the comparable 2026 rate at 16.9% in the US, 19.0% across the OECD excluding Canada, and 26.0% across the rest of the G7.
The government’s sector chart shows the Canadian rate falling below the US rate in every sector displayed. It does not separately publish a mining-sector METR, so the 6.4% national figure should not be described as the specific tax rate facing mining investment.
Aside from mining, Finance Canada’s modelling shows some of the largest tax-rate reductions in forestry, transportation and storage, utilities, and agriculture and fishing. The estimated marginal effective tax rate falls to 1.8% for forestry, 7.1% for utilities, -1.2% for manufacturing and processing, -2.3% for transportation and storage, and -6.0% for agriculture and fishing.
Finance Canada argues that bringing deductions forward lowers the after-tax cost of new projects and leaves companies with more capital available for investment. The government estimates average annual support of about $8.5 billion over 10 years and says the measure could eventually support up to $22 billion in additional annual economic output and 80,000 jobs.
